INSERT

INSERT creates nodes and edges in the current open graph. It runs through Session::run(...).await or the CLI; the read-only query API rejects writes.

MATCH (alice:Person {name: 'Alice'})
INSERT (alice)-[:Knows]->(dana:Person & Admin {name: 'Dana', age: 28})
RETURN dana.name AS name;

A bound node appears as a bare reference, such as (alice). New nodes can have labels and properties; edge variables must be new. Incoming/outgoing edges, undirected connections, self-loops and parallel edges are supported.

Creation requires concrete labels: names joined by & are accepted, while !, | and % are rejected. Every input row creates its new elements; repeated input rows can therefore insert duplicates. Empty input inserts nothing. A null optional endpoint is an error.

A complete statement publishes atomically after its result pipeline succeeds. A later expression error rolls back that statement’s inserts. Multiple semicolon-separated statements auto-commit independently unless enclosed in an explicit transaction.